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General null Lagrangians, exact gauge functions and forces in Newtonian mechanics

A method to construct general null Lagrangians and their exact gauge functions is developed. The functions are used to define classical forces independently from Newtonian dynamics. It is shown that the forces generated by the exact gauge functions allow for the conversion of the first Newton equation into the second one. The presented approach gives new insights into the origin of forces in Classical Mechanics.

preprint2020arXivOpen access
Zdzislaw E. MusielakTimothy B. Watson
math-phmath.MP
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Zdzislaw E. MusielakTimothy B. Watson

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