Games on AF-algebras

We analyze $\mathrm{C}^\ast$-algebras, particularly AF-algebras, and their $K_0$-groups in the context of the infinitary logic $\mathcal{L}_{ω_1 ω}$. Given two separable unital AF-algebras $A$ and $B$, and considering their $K_0$-groups as ordered unital groups, we prove that $K_0(A) \equiv_{ω\cdot α} K_0(B)$ implies $A \equiv_αB$, where $M \equiv_βN$ means that $M$ and $N$ agree on all sentences of quantifier rank at most $β$. This implication is proved using techniques from Elliott's classification of separable AF-algebras, together with an adaptation of the Ehrenfeucht-Fraïssé game to the metric setting. We use moreover this result to build a family $\{ A_α\}_{α< ω_1}$ of pairwise non-isomorphic separable simple unital AF-algebras which satisfy $A_α\equiv_αA_β$ for every $α< β$. In particular, we obtain a set of separable simple unital AF-algebras of arbitrarily high Scott rank. Next, we give a partial converse to the aforementioned implication, showing that $A \otimes \mathcal{K} \equiv_{ω+ 2 \cdot α+2} B \otimes \mathcal{K}$ implies $K_0(A) \equiv_αK_0(B)$, for every unital $\mathrm{C}^\ast$-algebras $A$ and $B$.

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