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Fronthauling for 5G LTE-U Ultra Dense Cloud Small Cell Networks

Ultra dense cloud small cell network (UDCSNet), which combines cloud computing and massive deployment of small cells, is a promising technology for the fifth-generation (5G) LTE-U mobile communications because it can accommodate the anticipated explosive growth of mobile users' data traffic. As a result, fronthauling becomes a challenging problem in 5G LTE-U UDCSNet. In this article, we present an overview of the challenges and requirements of the fronthaul technology in 5G \mbox{LTE-U} UDCSNets. We survey the advantages and challenges for various candidate fronthaul technologies such as optical fiber, millimeter-wave based unlicensed spectrum, Wi-Fi based unlicensed spectrum, sub 6GHz based licensed spectrum, and free-space optical based unlicensed spectrum.