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Free Knots, Groups, and Finite-Type Invariants

Based on a recently introduced by the author notion of {\em parity}, in the present paper we construct a sequence of invariants (indexed by natural numbers $m$) of long virtual knots, valued in certain simply-defined group ${\tilde G}_{m}$ (the Cayley graphs of these groups are represented by grids in the $(m+1)$-space); the conjugacy classes of elements of $G_{m}$ play the role of invariants of {\em compact} virtual knots. By construction, all invariants do not change under {\em virtualization}. Factoring the group algebra of the corresponding group by certain polynomial relations leads to finite order invariants of (long) knots which do not change under {\em virtualization