Exponential localization of hydrogen-like atoms in relativistic quantum electrodynamics

We consider two different models of a hydrogenic atom in a quantized electromagnetic field that treat the electron relativistically. The first one is a no-pair model in the free picture, the second one is given by the semi-relativistic Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian. We prove that the no-pair operator is semi-bounded below and that its spectral subspaces corresponding to energies below the ionization threshold are exponentially localized. Both results hold true, for arbitrary values of the fine-structure constant, $e^2$, and the ultra-violet cut-off, $Λ$, and for all nuclear charges less than the critical charge without radiation field, $Z_c=e^{-2}2/(2/π+π/2)$. We obtain similar results for the semi-relativistic Pauli-Fierz operator, again for all values of $e^2$ and $Λ$ and for nuclear charges less than $e^{-2}2/π$.

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