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Exponential convergence to equilibrium for a two-speed model with variant drift fields via the resolvent estimate

We study a two-speed model with variant drift fields, which generalizes the Goldstein-Taylor model but the two advection fields are not necessarily in proportion. Due to the lack of a local equilibrium structure of the steady state, prevailing hypocoercivity methods could not be directly applied to such a system. To prove the exponential convergence to equilibrium for this model, we use a recent generalization of the Gearhart-Prüss theorem [Sci. China Math. 64 (2021), no. 3, 507-518] to gain semigroup bounds, where the relative entropy estimate plays a central role in gaining desired resolvent estimates via a compactness argument.