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Exploring the Unconventional Electron Distribution Patterns in Iron-based Superconductors

For more than a decade, the unusual distribution of electrons observed in ARPES (angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy) data within the energy range of ~30meV to ~300meV below the Fermi level, known as the ARPES range, has remained a puzzle in the field of iron-based superconductivity. However, in this study, we have made a noteworthy observation: although the electron-phonon coupling alone is insufficient to account for the observed ARPES pattern, our analysis reveals that when the instantaneous electron-phonon coupling occurring in selective phonon channel is enhanced by the coexistence of antiferromagnetic spin density wave and charge density wave phenomena, the amplified interaction becomes comparable to the ARPES range. This finding suggests that the instantaneous interplay between these intricate phenomena should play a crucial role in generating the observed energy range in ARPES. Our work may provide a valuable clue towards achieving a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between electronic correlations, lattice structure, and superconductivity in iron-based materials for uncovering the origin of the unconventional ARPES pattern.