EPOS4 Model Predictions for Global Observables in Pb-Pb Collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.36 TeV

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

The study of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), a deconfined state of nuclear matter, remains a central focus of high-energy heavy-ion collision experiments. The recent operation of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Run 3 at the new center-of-mass energy of sNN=5.36\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.36 TeV necessitates theoretical predictions to characterize the energy dependence and bulk properties of the medium. In this study, we present comprehensive EPOS4 model predictions for key global observables in Pb-Pb collisions at 5.365.36 TeV. We focus on the centrality dependence of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density (dNch/dηdN_{ch}/dη), integrated yields (dN/dydN/dy), mean transverse momentum (⟨pT⟩\langle p_{T}\rangle) for light-flavor hadrons (π±,K±,p(pˉ)π^{\pm}, K^{\pm}, p(\bar{p})), and the charged particle nuclear modification factor (RAAR_{AA}). The EPOS4 framework successfully captures the strong mass-dependent rise of ⟨pT⟩\langle p_{T}\rangle with multiplicity, a definitive signature of collective radial flow. Furthermore, the predicted charged hadron RAAR_{AA} demonstrates a clear suppression, consistent with energy loss mechanisms incorporated into the model. By comparing these predictions to existing 5.025.02 TeV data, we demonstrate that the EPOS4 model offers a consistent and robust description of heavy-ion dynamics, projecting minimal energy evolution for these bulk and hard-probe observables between the two energies.

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