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Electrochemical Glucose Sensor using Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor

In this paper, we present a simple yet sensitive method for glucose sensing using carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) based biosensor. The CNTs were well-dispersed to form CNT networks and maintain functional connectivity among CNTs, which increases the electron transfer through the network and thus, the electronic readout. Moreover, glucose oxidase (GOx) molecules are immobilized by CNT functionalization to form effective and sensitive CNT networks as FET channel. The CNTs are functionalized with linkers (1-pyrenebutanoic acid succinimidyl ester) to immobilize GOx on CNTs, where GOx serves as a mediator between CNTs and glucose for electron transfer. The liquid analyte glucose is adsorbed on CNTs via GOx and linkers by releasing additional electrons in the CNTFET channel and thus, increasing the CNTFET readout current. The binding of the target glucose molecules and GOx emulates the gate potential of FET channel and the electronic response of the sensor is recorded in real-time. Moreover, the variations in electronic readout of CNTFET biosensor are observed and is stipulated due to variation in CNT dispersion on each device. Overall, this work presents a simple, fast, sensitive, low-cost, and low concentration (0.01 mM) detection of glucose using CNTFET sensors.