Dimension reduction for maximum matchings and the Fastest Mixing Markov Chain

Let $G = (V,E)$ be an undirected graph with maximum degree $Δ$ and vertex conductance $Ψ^*(G)$. We show that there exists a symmetric, stochastic matrix $P$, with off-diagonal entries supported on $E$, whose spectral gap $γ^*(P)$ satisfies $Ψ^*(G)^{2}/\logΔ\lesssim γ^*(P) \lesssim Ψ^*(G).$ Our bound is optimal under the Small Set Expansion Hypothesis, and answers a question of Olesker-Taylor and Zanetti, who obtained such a result with $\logΔ$ replaced by $\log|V|$. In order to obtain our result, we show how to embed a negative-type semi-metric $d$ defined on $V$ into a negative-type semi-metric $d'$ supported in $\mathbb{R}^{O(\logΔ)}$, such that the (fractional) matching number of the weighted graph $(V,E,d)$ is approximately equal to that of $(V,E,d')$.

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