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Diagnostics of collisions between electrons and water molecules in near-ultraviolet and visible wavelengths

We studied dissociation reactions of electron impact on water vapor for several fragment species at optical and near ultraviolet wavelengths (200 - 850 nm). The resulting spectrum is dominated by the Hydrogen Balmer series, by the OH (A $^2Σ^+$ - X $^2Π$) band, and by the emission of ionic H$_2$O$^+$ (A $^2$A$_1$ - X $^2$B$_1$) and OH$^+$ (A $^3Π$ - X $^3Σ^-$) band systems. Emission cross sections and reaction channel thresholds were determined for energies between 5 - 100 eV. We find that electron impact dissociation of H$_2$O results in an emission spectrum of the OH (A $^2Σ^+$ - X $^2Π$) band that is distinctly different than the emission spectra from other excitation mechanisms seen in planetary astronomy. We attribute the change to a strongly non-thermal population of rotational states seen in planetary astronomy. This difference can be utilized for remote probing of the contribution of different physical reactions in astrophysical environments.