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Designing an Energy Efficient Framework for Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of nodes which can communicate with each other without any prior infrastructure along with the ability to collect data autonomously and effectively after being deployed in an ad-hoc fashion to monitor a given area. One major problem encountered in data gathering wireless systems is to obtain an optimal balance among the number of nodes deployed, energy efficiency and lifetime as energy of nodes cannot be replenished. In this paper we propose first a scheme to estimate the number of nodes to be deployed in a WSN for a predetermined lifetime so that total energy utilization and complete connectivity are ensured under all circumstances. This scheme also guarantees that during each data gathering cycle, every node dissipates the requisite amount of energy, which thus minimizes the number of nodes required to achieve the desired network lifetime. Second, this paper has proposed a framework to conduct data gathering in WSN. Extensive simulations have been carried out in ns2 to establish the effectiveness of this framework.