Continued fraction normality is not preserved along arithmetic progressions

preprint2015arXivOpen access

Abstract

It is well known that if 0.a1a2a3…0.a_1a_2a_3\dots is the base-bb expansion of a number normal to base-bb, then the numbers 0.akam+ka2m+k…0.a_ka_{m+k}a_{2m+k}\dots for m≥2m\ge 2, k≥1k\ge 1 are all normal to base-bb as well. In contrast, given a continued fraction expansion ⟨a1,a2,a3,… ⟩\langle a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots\rangle that is normal (now with respect to the continued fraction expansion), we show that for any integers m≥2m\ge 2, k≥1k\ge 1, the continued fraction ⟨ak,am+k,a2m+k,a3m+k,… ⟩\langle a_k, a_{m+k},a_{2m+k},a_{3m+k},\dots\rangle will never be normal.

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