Paper detail

Constraining models of initial state with $v_2$ and $v_3$ data from LHC and RHIC

We present a combined analysis of elliptic and triangular flow data from LHC and RHIC using viscous relativistic hydrodynamics. Elliptic flow $v_2$ in hydrodynamics is proportional to the participant eccentricity $\varepsilon_2$ and triangular flow is proportional to the participant triangularity $\varepsilon_3$, which means $v_n=C_n\varepsilon_n$, where $C_n$ is the linear response coefficient in harmonic n. Experimental data for $v_2$ and $v_3$ combined with hydrodynamic calculations of $C_n$ thus provide us with the rms values of initial anisotropies $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$. By varying free parameters in the hydro calculation (in particular the shear viscosity), we obtain an allowed band in the (rms $\varepsilon_2$, rms $\varepsilon_3$) plane. Comparison with Monte-Carlo models of the initial state allows us to exclude several of these models. We illustrate that the effect of changing the granularity of the initial state is similar to changing the medium properties, making these effects difficult to disentangle.