Combinatorics on lattice paths in strips

preprint2020arXivOpen access

Abstract

For lattice paths in strips which begin at (0,0)(0,0) and have only up steps U:(i,j)→(i+1,j+1)U: (i,j) \rightarrow (i+1,j+1) and down steps D:(i,j)→(i+1,j−1)D: (i,j)\rightarrow (i+1,j-1), let An,kA_{n,k} denote the set of paths of length nn which start at (0,0)(0,0), end on heights 00 or −1-1, and are contained in the strip −⌊k+12⌋≤y≤⌊k2⌋-\lfloor\frac{k+1}{2}\rfloor \leq y \leq \lfloor\frac{k}{2}\rfloor of width kk, and let Bn,kB_{n,k} denote the set of paths of length nn which start at (0,0)(0,0) and are contained in the strip 0≤y≤k0 \leq y \leq k. We establish a bijection between An,kA_{n,k} and Bn,kB_{n,k}. The generating functions for the subsets of these two sets are discussed as well. Furthermore, we provide another bijection between An,3A_{n,3} and Bn,3B_{n,3} by translating the paths to two types of trees.

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