Cobham's theorem for substitutions

The seminal theorem of Cobham has given rise during the last 40 years to a lot of works around non-standard numeration systems and has been extended to many contexts. In this paper, as a result of fifteen years of improvements, we obtain a complete and general version for the so-called substitutive sequences. Let $α$ and $β$ be two multiplicatively independent Perron numbers. Then, a sequence $x\in A^\mathbb{N}$, where $A$ is a finite alphabet, is both $α$-substitutive and $β$-substitutive if and only if $x$ is ultimately periodic.

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