CLTs and asymptotic variance of time-sampled Markov chains

For a Markov transition kernel $P$ and a probability distribution $μ$ on nonnegative integers, a time-sampled Markov chain evolves according to the transition kernel $P_μ = \sum_k μ(k)P^k.$ In this note we obtain CLT conditions for time-sampled Markov chains and derive a spectral formula for the asymptotic variance. Using these results we compare efficiency of Barker's and Metropolis algorithms in terms of asymptotic variance.

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