Banach matchboxes problem and a congruence for primes

preprint2011arXivOpen access

Abstract

Using an identity arising in the known Banach probability problem on matchboxes, we prove an unexpected congruence for odd prime p:p: for 1≤k≤p−12,∑i=1p−2k−12i−1(k−1+ik)≡0(modp).1\leq k\leq \frac{p-1}{2},\enskip \sum_{i=1}^{p-2k-1}2^{i-1}\binom{k-1+i}{k}\equiv 0\pmod p.

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