Anonymous Conference Key Agreement in Quantum Networks

Quantum Conference Key Agreement (CKA) is a cryptographic effort of multiple parties to establish a shared secret key. While bipartite quantum key distribution protocols are also useful in the context of CKA, multipartite protocols allow for a more efficient generation of the necessary correlations and are therefore viewed favorably in the context of quantum networks. In future quantum networks, generating secret keys in an anonymous way is of tremendous importance for parties that do not only want to keep their shared key secret but also protect their own identity, e.g. in the context of whistle-blowing. In this paper we provide the first protocol for Anonymous Quantum Conference Key Agreement and demonstrate it using four-photon Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger ($\mathrm{GHZ}$) states.

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