An optimal improvement for the Hardy inequality on the hyperbolic space and related manifolds

We prove \emph{optimal} improvements of the Hardy inequality on the hyperbolic space. Here, optimal means that the resulting operator is critical in the sense of [J.Funct.Anal. 266 (2014), pp. 4422-89], namely the associated inequality cannot be further improved. Such inequalities arise from more general, \emph{optimal} ones valid for the operator $P_λ:= -Δ_{\mathbb{H}^N} - λ$ where $0 \leq λ\leq λ_{1}(\mathbb{H}^N)$ and $λ_{1}(\mathbb{H}^N)$ is the bottom of the $L^2$ spectrum of $-Δ_{\mathbb{H}^N}$, a problem that had been studied in [J.Funct.Anal. 272 (2017), pp. 1661-1703 ] only for the operator $P_{λ_{1}(\mathbb{H}^N)}$. A different, critical and new inequality on $\mathbb{H}^N$, locally of Hardy type, is also shown. Such results have in fact greater generality since there are shown on general Cartan-Hadamard manifolds under curvature assumptions, possibly depending on the point. Existence/nonexistence of extremals for the related Hardy-Poincaré inequalities are also proved using concentration-compactness technique and a Liouville comparison theorem. As applications of our inequalities we obtain an improved Rellich inequality and we derive a quantitative version of Heisenberg-Pauli-Weyl uncertainty principle for the operator $P_λ.$

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