An elementary proof for that all unoriented spanning surfaces of a link are related by attaching/deleting tubes and Möbius bands

preprint2013arXivOpen access

Abstract

Gordon and Litherland showed that all compact, unoriented, possibly non-orientable surfaces in S3S^3 bounded by a link are realted by attaching/deleting tubes and half twisted bands. In this note we give an elementary proof for this result.

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