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An analysis of the interaction between influenza and respiratory syncytial virus based on acute respiratory infection records

Under the hypothesis that both influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are the two leading causes of acute respiratory infections (ARI), in this paper we have used a standard two-pathogen epidemic model as a regressor to explain, on a yearly basis, high season ARI data in terms of the contact rates and initial conditions of the mathematical model. The rationale is that ARI high season is a transient regime of a noisy system, e.g., the system is driven away from equilibrium every year by fluctuations in variables such as humidity, temperature, viral mutations and human behavior. Using the value of the replacement number as a phenotypic trait associated to fitness, we provide evidence that influenza and RSV coexists throughout the ARI high season through superinfection.