Paper detail

Affine cubic surfaces and character varieties of knots

It is known that the fundamental group homomorphism $π_1(T^2) \to π_1(S^3\setminus K)$ induced by the inclusion of the boundary torus into the complement of a knot $K$ in $S^3$ is a complete knot invariant. Many classical invariants of knots arise from the natural (restriction) map induced by the above homomorphism on the $\mathrm{SL}_2$-character varieties of the corresponding fundamental groups. In our earlier work [BS16], we proposed a conjecture that the classical restriction map admits a canonical 2-parameter deformation into a smooth cubic surface. In this paper, we show that (modulo some mild technical conditions) our conjecture follows from a known conjecture of Brumfiel and Hilden [BH95] on the algebraic structure of the peripheral system of a knot. We then confirm the Brumfiel-Hilden conjecture for an infinite class of knots, including all torus knots, 2-bridge knots, and certain pretzel knots. We also show the class of knots for which the Brumfiel-Hilden conjecture holds is closed under taking connect sums and certain knot coverings.