A series of series topologies on N\mathbb{N}

preprint2020arXivOpen access

Abstract

Each series ∑n=1∞an\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n of real positive terms gives rise to a topology on N={1,2,3,...}\mathbb{N} = \{1,2,3,...\} by declaring a proper subset A⊆NA\subseteq \mathbb{N} to be closed if ∑n∈Aan<∞\sum_{n\in A} a_n < \infty. We explore the relationship between analytic properties of the series and topological properties on N\mathbb{N}. In particular, we show that, up to homeomorphism, ∣R∣|\mathbb{R}|-many topologies are generated. We also find an uncountable family of examples {Nα}α∈[0,1]\{\mathbb{N}_α\}_{α\in [0,1]} with the property that for any α<βα< β, there is a continuous bijection Nβ→Nα\mathbb{N}_β\rightarrow \mathbb{N}_α, but the only continuous functions Nα→Nβ\mathbb{N}_α\rightarrow \mathbb{N}_β are constant.

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