A note on hamiltonian cycles in 44-tough (P2∪kP1)(P_2\cup kP_1)-free graphs

preprint2022arXivOpen access

Abstract

Let t>0t>0 be a real number and GG be a graph. We say GG is tt-tough if for every cutset SS of GG, the ratio of ∣S∣|S| to the number of components of G−SG-S is at least tt. The Toughness Conjecture of Chvátal, stating that there exists a constant t0t_0 such that every t0t_0-tough graph with at least three vertices is hamiltonian, is still open in general. For any given integer k≥1k\ge 1, a graph GG is (P2∪kP1)(P_2\cup kP_1) free if GG does not contain the disjoint union of P2P_2 and kk isolated vertices as an induced subgraph. In this note, we show that every 4-tough and 2k2k-connected (P2∪kP1)(P_2\cup kP_1)-free graph with at least three vertices is hamiltonian. This result in some sense is an "extension" of the classical Chvátal-Erdős Theorem that every max⁡{2,k}\max\{2,k\}-connected (k+1)P1(k+1)P_1-free graph on at least three vertices is hamiltonian.

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