Paper detail

A New Kind of Scalar Particle

The pattern of quantum numbers in the leptons and quarks indicate that precisely two fixed hypercharge splittings are observed in nature. The $|ΔY|=1$ splitting corresponds to the $SU(2)_L$ scalar and doublet spacing, indicative of the Yukawa interactions of the Higgs mechanism. A $|ΔY|=4/3$ splitting is identified between corresponding $SU(3)_C$ scalars and triplets. The properties of this splitting are the basis for the prediction of a new kind of scalar particle that directly couples quarks and leptons. Possible experimental methods for detecting a strongly interacting, charge -1$e$/3 scalar particle are presented for the examples of exotic decay modes of the top quark and the analysis of $t\bar{t}τ^+τ^-$ production at hadron colliders.