Paper detail

A Magnetic-Monopole-Based Mechanism to the formation of the Hot Big Bang Modeled Universe

There are some particle physics theories that go beyond the so-called "standard cosmological model" to predict the existence of magnetic monopoles\,(MMs). The discovery of magnetic monopoles would be an incredible breakthrough in high-energy physics. The existence of MMs in the early Universe has been speculated and anticipated from Grand Unified Theory. If MMs exist, the inverse powers of the unification mass will not suppressed the baryon number violating effects of grand unified gauge theories. Therefore, MM catalyzing nucleon decay is a typical strong interaction. This phenomenon is due to the boundary conditions that must be imposed on the core of MM fermion fields. We present a possible mechanism to explain the formation of the Hot Big Bang Cosmology. The main ingredient in our model is nucleon decay catalyzed by magnetic monopoles (i.e., the Rubakov-Callan effect). It is shown that Hot Big Bang developed naturally, because the luminosity due to the Rubakov-Callan effect is much greater than the Eddington luminosity (i.e., $L_m>10^4L_{\rm{Edd}}$).