A lower bound for classical Kloosterman sums and an application

preprint2026arXivOpen access

Abstract

We present a lower bound for the classical Kloosterman sum S(a,b;c)S(a,b;c) where (ab,c)=1(ab,c)=1 and cc is an odd integer. We apply this lower bound for Kloosterman sums to derive an explicit lower bound in Petersson's trace formula, subject to a given condition. Consequently, we achieve a modified version of a theorem by Jung and Sardari, where weight kk and level NN are permitted to vary independently. Using this modified version, we get a lower bound for a weighted trace of the Hecke operator TnT_n acting on the space Sk(N)S_k(N), of cusp forms of weight kk and level NN with (n,N)=1(n,N)=1.

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