A Dynamic Stability and Performance Analysis of Automatic Generation Control

Automatic generation control (AGC) is one of the most important coordinated control systems present in modern interconnected power systems. Despite being heavily studied, no interconnected dynamic stability and performance analysis of AGC is available in the literature. This paper presents such an analysis for a class of multi-area interconnected nonlinear power systems, providing a nonlinear stability proof and examining dynamic performance from the perspectives of non-interactive tuning, response speed, and sensitivity to disturbances. The key insight is that dynamic stability and performance can be rigorously captured by a reduced dynamic model, which depends only on the AGC controller parameters and on the area frequency characteristic constants. Our analytical results clarify some of the historical controversy concerning the tuning of frequency bias constants in AGC for dynamic stability and performance, and are validated by simulations on a detailed test system.

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