4-critical graphs on surfaces without contractible (<=4)-cycles

preprint2014arXivOpen access

Abstract

We show that if G is a 4-critical graph embedded in a fixed surface ΣΣ so that every contractible cycle has length at least 5, then G can be expressed as G=G′∪G1∪G2∪...∪GkG=G'\cup G_1\cup G_2\cup ... \cup G_k, where ∣V(G′)∣|V(G')| and kk are bounded by a constant (depending linearly on the genus of ΣΣ) and G1…,GkG_1\ldots,G_k are graphs (of unbounded size) whose structure we describe exactly. The proof is computer-assisted - we use computer to enumerate all plane 4-critical graphs of girth 5 with a precolored cycle of length at most 16, that are used in the basic case of the inductive proof of the statement.

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