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Rectangular GLT Sequences

The theory of generalized locally Toeplitz (GLT) sequences is a powerful apparatus for computing the asymptotic spectral distribution of square matrices $A_n$ arising from the discretization of differential problems. Indeed, as the mesh fineness parameter $n$ increases to $\infty$, the sequence $\{A_n\}_n$ often turns out to be a GLT sequence. In this paper, motivated by recent applications, we further enhance the GLT apparatus by developing a full theory of rectangular GLT sequences as an extension of the theory of classical square GLT sequences. We also detail an example of application as an illustration of the potential impact of the theory presented herein.