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Pulsed quantum annealing

We propose a modified quantum annealing protocol, i. e., pulsed quantum annealing} (PQA), in order to increase the success probability by a pulse application during the quantum annealing process. It is well known that the success probability of the conventional quantum annealing is reduced due to the Landau-Zener transitions. By applying a pulse to the system, we modulate the success probability and increase it, compared to the conventional quantum annealing, by optimizing the pulse parameters. We demonstrate our findings for a single qubit both numerically and analytically. The analytical model is based on the tranfer matrix approach and it is in good agreement with the full numerical results. We also investigate the PQA protocol for multi-qubit cases $i. e.,$ random spin-glass instances, and we present an overall increase of the success probability over the conventional quantum annealing, by optimizing the pulse parameters. Our results indicate that PQA can be used to design future high-performance quantum annealing machines, especially for hard instances that the conventional QA protocol behaves poorly.