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Researcher profile

Xiaolei Zhang

Xiaolei Zhang contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

ResearcherAffiliation not importedOpen to collaborate
math.ACastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAComputation and LanguageComputer VisionCryptography and SecurityGraphicsmath.RAMultimediaSound

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Published work

12 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

Almost coherent rings

Inspired from the work of P. Scholze on the finiteness of \(\mathbf{F}_{p}\)-cohomology groups of proper rigid-analytic varieties over \(p\)-adic fields, Zavyalov recently introduced the notion of almost coherent rings, which plays a key role in the almost ring theory. In this paper, we characterize almost coherent rings in terms of almost flat modules and almost absolutely pure modules, integrating numerous classical results into almost mathematics. Besides, we show that every almost coherent $R$-module is not almost isomorphic to a coherent $R$-module, giving a negative answer to a question proposed in [14,B. Zavyalov, {\it Almost coherent modules and almost coherent sheaves}, Memoirs of the European Mathematical Society 19. Berlin: European Mathematical Society (EMS), 2025].

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preprint2026arXiv

LITMUS: Benchmarking Behavioral Jailbreaks of LLM Agents in Real OS Environments

The rapid proliferation of LLM-based autonomous agents in real operating system environments introduces a new category of safety risk beyond content safety: behavior jailbreak, where an adversary induces an agent to execute dangerous OS-level operations with irreversible consequences. Existing benchmarks either evaluate safety at the semantic layer alone, missing physical-layer harms, or fail to isolate test cases, letting earlier runs contaminate later ones. We present LITMUS (LLM-agents In-OS Testing for Measuring Unsafe Subversion), a benchmark addressing both gaps via a semantic-physical dual verification mechanism and OS-level state rollback. LITMUS comprises 819 high-risk test cases organized into one harmful seed subset and six attack-extended subsets covering three adversarial paradigms (jailbreak speaking, skill injection, and entity wrapping), plus a fully automated multi-agent evaluation framework judging behavior at both conversational and OS-level physical layers. Evaluation across frontier agents reveals three findings: (1) current agents lack effective safety awareness, with strong models (e.g., Claude Sonnet 4.6) still executing 40.64% of high-risk operations; (2) agents exhibit pervasive Execution Hallucination (EH), verbally refusing a request while the dangerous operation has already completed at the system level, invisible to every prior semantic-only framework; and (3) skill injection and entity wrapping attacks achieve high success rates, exposing pronounced agent vulnerabilities. LITMUS provides the first standardized platform for reproducible, physically grounded behavioral safety evaluation of LLM agents in real OS environments.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2026arXiv

Unison: Harmonizing Motion, Speech, and Sound for Human-Centric Audio-Video Generation

Motion, speech, and sound effects are fundamental elements of human-centric videos, yet their heterogeneous temporal characteristics make joint generation highly challenging. Existing audio-video generation models often fail to maintain consistent alignment across these modalities, leading to noticeable mismatches between motion, speech, and environmental sounds. We present Unison, a unified framework that explicitly promotes coherence across the motion, speech, and sound modalities. Within the audio stream, Unison employs a semantic-guided harmonization strategy that decouples the generation of speech and sound-effect components. Leveraging bidirectional audio cross-attention and semantic-conditioned gating for semantic-driven adaptive recomposition, this approach effectively mitigates speech dominance and enhances acoustic clarity. For audio-motion synchronization, we propose a bidirectional cross-modal forcing strategy where the cleaner modality guides the noisier one through decoupled denoising schedules, reinforced by a progressive stabilization strategy. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Unison achieves state-of-the-art performance in both audio perceptual quality and cross-modal synchronization, highlighting the importance of explicit multimodal harmonization in human-centric video generation.

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preprint2023arXiv

Some Remarks on $ϕ$-Dedekind rings and $ϕ$-Prufer rings

In this paper, the notions of nonnil-injective modules and nonnil-FP-injective modules are introduced and studied. Especially, we show that a $ϕ$-ring $R$ is an integral domain if and only if any nonnil-injective (resp., nonnil-FP-injective) module $R$-module is injective (resp., FP-injective). Some new characterizations of $ϕ$-von Neumann regular rings, nonnil-Notherian rings and nonnil-coherent rings are given. We finally characterize $ϕ$-Dedekind rings and $ϕ$-\Prufer\ rings in terms of $ϕ$-flat modules, nonnil-injective modules and nonnil-FP-injective modules.

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preprint2022arXiv

Characterizing $S$-flat modules and $S$-von Neumann regular rings by uniformity

Let $R$ be a ring and $S$ a multiplicative subset of $R$. An $R$-module $T$ is called $u$-$S$-torsion ($u$- always abbreviates uniformly) provided that $sT=0$ for some $s\in S$. The notion of $u$-$S$-exact sequences is also introduced from the viewpoint of uniformity. An $R$-module $F$ is called $u$-$S$-flat provided that the induced sequence $0\rightarrow A\otimes_RF\rightarrow B\otimes_RF\rightarrow C\otimes_RF\rightarrow 0$ is $u$-$S$-exact for any $u$-$S$-exact sequence $0\rightarrow A\rightarrow B\rightarrow C\rightarrow 0$. A ring $R$ is called $u$-$S$-von Neumann regular provided there exists an element $s\in S$ satisfying that for any $a\in R$ there exists $r\in R$ such that $sa=ra^2$. We obtain that a ring $R$ is a $u$-$S$-von Neumann regular ring if and only if any $R$-module is $u$-$S$-flat. Several properties of $u$-$S$-flat modules and $u$-$S$-von Neumann regular rings are obtained.

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preprint2022arXiv

Characterizing $S$-projective modules and $S$-semisimple rings by uniformity

Let $R$ be a ring and $S$ a multiplicative subset of $R$. An $R$-module $P$ is called uniformly $S$-projective provided that the induced sequence $0\rightarrow \mathrm{Hom}_R(P,A)\rightarrow \mathrm{Hom}_R(P,B)\rightarrow \mathrm{Hom}_R(P,C)\rightarrow 0$ is $u$-$S$-exact for any $u$-$S$-short exact sequence $0\rightarrow A\rightarrow B\rightarrow C\rightarrow 0$. Some characterizations and properties of $u$-$S$-projective modules are obtained. The notion of $u$-$S$-semisimple modules is also introduced. A ring $R$ is called a $u$-$S$-semisimple ring provided that any free $R$-module is $u$-$S$-semisimple. Several characterizations of $u$-$S$-semisimple rings are provided in terms of $u$-$S$-semisimple modules, $u$-$S$-projective modules, $u$-$S$-injective modules and $u$-$S$-split $u$-$S$-exact sequences.

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preprint2022arXiv

Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian rings

In this paper, we say a ring $R$ is Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian provided that any nil ideal is finitely generated. First, we show that the Hilbert basis theorem holds for Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian rings, that is, $R$ is Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian if and only if $R[x]$ is Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian, if and only if $R[[x]]$ is Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian. Then we discuss some Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian properties on idealizations and bi-amalgamated algebras. Finally, we give the Cartan-Eilenberg-Bass Theorem for Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian rings in terms of Nil$_{\ast}$-injective modules and Nil$_{\ast}$-FP-injective modules. Besides, some examples are given to distinguish Nil$_{\ast}$-Noetherian rings, Nil$_{\ast}$-coherent rings and so on.

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preprint2022arXiv

On two versions of Cohen's theorem for modules

Parkash and Kour obtained a new version of Cohen's theorem for Noetherian modules, which states that a finitely generated $R$-module $M$ is Noetherian if and only if for every prime ideal $\mathfrak{p}$ of $R$ with Ann$(M)\subseteq \mathfrak{p}$, there exists a finitely generated submodule $N^\mathfrak{p}$ of $M$ such that $\mathfrak{p} M\subseteq N^\mathfrak{p}\subseteq M(\mathfrak{p})$, where $M(\mathfrak{p})=\{x\in M\mid sx\in \mathfrak{p} M $ for some $s\in R \setminus \mathfrak{p} \}$. In this paper, we generalize the Parkash and Kour version of Cohen's theorem for Noetherian modules to those for $S$-Noetherian modules and $w$-Noetherian modules.

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preprint2022arXiv

On uniformly $S$-absolutely pure modules

Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $S$ a multiplicative subset of $R$. In this paper, we introduce and study the notions of $S$-pure $S$-exact sequences and $S$-absolutely pure modules which extend the classical notions of pure exact sequences and absolutely pure modules. And then we characterize $S$-von Neumann regular rings and uniformly $S$-Noetherian rings using $S$-absolutely pure modules.

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preprint2019arXiv

On a Possible Giant Impact Origin for the Colorado Plateau

It is proposed and substantiated that an extraterrestrial object of the approximate size and mass of Planet Mars, impacting the Earth in grazing incidence along an approximately N-NE to S-SW route with respect to the current orientation of the North America continent, at about 750 million years ago (750 Ma), is likely to be the direct cause of a chain of events which led to the rifting of the Rodinia supercontinent and the severing of the foundation of the Colorado Plateau from its surrounding craton. It is further argued that the impactor was most likely a rogue exoplanet, which originated from one of the past crossings of our Solar System through the Galactic spiral arms, during the Sun's orbital motion around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy. New advances in galactic dynamics have shown that the sites of galactic spiral arms are locations of density-wave collisionless shocks. The perturbations from such shocks are known to lead to the formation of massive stars, which evolve quickly and die as supernovae. The blastwaves from supernova explosions, in addition to the spiral-arm collisionless shocks themselves, could perturb the orbits of the streaming disk matter, occasionally producing rogue exoplanets that can reach the inner confines of our Solar System. The similarity of the period of spiral-arm crossings of our Solar System, with the approximate period of major extinction events in the Phanerozoic Eon of the Earth's history, as well as with the (half) period of the supercontinent cycle, indicates that the global environment of the Milky Way Galaxy may have played a major role in initiating Earth's tectonic activities.

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