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Pierre A. Haas

Pierre A. Haas contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Biological Physics Populations and Evolution cond-mat.soft

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preprint2026arXiv

Travelling waves of invasion in microbial communities with phenotypic switching

Complex microbial habitats see the spatial competition of different clonal bacterial populations that switch between different phenotypes. Here, we determine the effect of this subpopulation structure on the invasion of one species by another in a minimal model of two competing species: one species switches, both stochastically and in response to its competitor, to a persister phenotype resilient to competition. Surprisingly, our combined analytical and numerical results show that this phenotypic switching has no effect on the speed of the travelling wave by which the competitors invade the first population. Conversely, we discover that phenotypic switching can speed up the wave by which this population invades their competitors. Our results thus suggest, counterintuitively, that bacterial persistence can be an offensive, rather than defensive ecological strategy.

preprint2020arXiv

Morphoelasticity of Large Bending Deformations of Cell Sheets during Development

Deformations of cell sheets during morphogenesis are driven by developmental processes such as cell division and cell shape changes. In morphoelastic shell theories of development, these processes appear as variations of the intrinsic geometry of a thin elastic shell. However, morphogenesis often involves large bending deformations that are outside the formal range of validity of these shell theories. Here, by asymptotic expansion of three-dimensional incompressible morphoelasticity in the limit of a thin shell, we derive a shell theory for large intrinsic bending deformations and emphasise the resulting geometric material anisotropy and the elastic role of cell constriction. Taking the invagination of the green alga Volvox as a model developmental event, we show how results for this theory differ from those for a classical shell theory that is not formally valid for these large bending deformations and reveal how these geometric effects stabilise invagination.

preprint2019arXiv

Subpopulations and Stability in Microbial Communities

In microbial communities, each species often has multiple, distinct phenotypes, but studies of ecological stability have largely ignored this subpopulation structure. Here, we show that such implicit averaging over phenotypes leads to incorrect linear stability results. We then analyze the effect of phenotypic switching in detail in an asymptotic limit and partly overturn classical stability paradigms: abundant phenotypic variation is linearly destabilizing but, surprisingly, a rare phenotype such as bacterial persisters has a stabilizing effect. Finally, we extend these results by showing how phenotypic variation modifies the stability of the system to large perturbations such as antibiotic treatments.

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