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Peng Huo

Peng Huo appears in the imported research catalog. Authorship, coauthor and topic links are available while profile ownership is still unclaimed.

ResearcherUnclaimed source record
nucl-exnucl-thArtificial Intelligencehep-phphysics.flu-dynInformation Retrieval

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Published work

7 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

Echoes in Filter Bubble: Diagnosing and Curing Popularity Bias in Generative Recommenders

Recently, Generative Recommenders (GRs), characterized by a unified end-to-end framework, have exhibited astonishing potential in transforming the recommendation paradigm. Despite their effectiveness, we recognize that GRs are still susceptible to the long-standing issue of popularity bias that has pervaded the recommendation community. Although a few studies have attempted to extend traditional debiasing methods to GRs, their effectiveness is marginal, and the fundamental reason why GRs suffer from popularity bias remains under-explored. To bridge this gap, this study focuses on two core aspects in GRs: the optimization of generative framework and the item tokenization based on semantic index. Based on theoretical analyses, we identify that the severe popularity bias emerges from the confluence of a token-level optimization flaw and the undifferentiated property of item tokenization. Accordingly, this study develops a novel generative recommender system, called Ghost, by designing the asymmetric unlikelihood optimization and the skeleton-founded tokenization. Extensive empirical evaluations across three datasets, alongside multiple SOTA baselines, reveal that Ghost substantially alleviates popularity bias and promotes fairer recommendations, while incurring slight degradation to the overall recommendation utility.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2022arXiv

Exploiting Dynamic and Fine-grained Semantic Scope for Extreme Multi-label Text Classification

Extreme multi-label text classification (XMTC) refers to the problem of tagging a given text with the most relevant subset of labels from a large label set. A majority of labels only have a few training instances due to large label dimensionality in XMTC. To solve this data sparsity issue, most existing XMTC methods take advantage of fixed label clusters obtained in early stage to balance performance on tail labels and head labels. However, such label clusters provide static and coarse-grained semantic scope for every text, which ignores distinct characteristics of different texts and has difficulties modelling accurate semantics scope for texts with tail labels. In this paper, we propose a novel framework TReaderXML for XMTC, which adopts dynamic and fine-grained semantic scope from teacher knowledge for individual text to optimize text conditional prior category semantic ranges. TReaderXML dynamically obtains teacher knowledge for each text by similar texts and hierarchical label information in training sets to release the ability of distinctly fine-grained label-oriented semantic scope. Then, TReaderXML benefits from a novel dual cooperative network that firstly learns features of a text and its corresponding label-oriented semantic scope by parallel Encoding Module and Reading Module, secondly embeds two parts by Interaction Module to regularize the text's representation by dynamic and fine-grained label-oriented semantic scope, and finally find target labels by Prediction Module. Experimental results on three XMTC benchmark datasets show that our method achieves new state-of-the-art results and especially performs well for severely imbalanced and sparse datasets.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2020arXiv

Electro-osmotic Instability of Concentration Enrichment in Curved Geometries for an Aqueous Electrolyte

We report that an electro-osmotic instability of concentration enrichment in curved geometries for an aqueous electrolyte, as opposed to the well-known one, is initiated exclusively at the enriched interface (anode), rather than at the depleted one (cathode). For this instability, the limitation of unrealistically high material Peclet number in planar geometry is eliminated by the strong electric field arising from the line charge singularity. In a model setup of concentric circular electrodes, we show by stability analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental visualization that instability occurs at the inner anode, below a critical radius of curvature. The stability criterion is also formulated in terms of a critical electric field and extended to arbitrary (2d) geometries by conformal mapping. This discovery suggests that transport may be enhanced in processes limited by salt enrichment, such as reverse osmosis, by triggering this instability with needle-like electrodes.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2019arXiv

Deionization Shock Driven by Electroconvection in a Circular Channel

In a circular channel passing over-limiting current (faster than diffusion), transient vortices of bulk electroconvection are observed in salt-depleted region within the horizontal plane. The spatiotemporal evolution of the salt concentration is directly visualized, revealing the propagation of a deionization shock wave driven by bulk electroconvection up to millimeter scales. This novel mechanism leads to quantitatively similar dynamics as for deionization shocks in charged porous media, which are driven instead by surface conduction and electro-osmotic flow at micron to nanometer scales. The remarkable generality of deionization shocks under over-limiting current could be used to manipulate ion transport in complex geometries for desalination and water treatment.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2014arXiv

A method for studying the rapidity fluctuation and decorrelation of harmonic flow in heavy-ion collisions

An "event-shape twist" technique is proposed to study the longitudinal dynamics of harmonic flow, in particular the effects of rapidity fluctuation and event-plane decorrelation. This technique can distinguish between two types of rapidity decorrelation effects: a systematic rotation versus a random fluctuation of flow angles along the rapidity direction. The technique is demonstrated and the magnitude of the two decorrelation effects is predicted using the AMPT model via a single particle analysis and two-particle correlation analysis. An observed decorrelation can be attributed to a systematic rotation of event-plane angle along the pseudorapidity, consistent with a collective response to an initial state twist of the fireball proposed by Bozek {\it et.al.}. This rotation is also observed for several higher-order harmonics with the same sign and similar magnitudes.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2014arXiv

Elucidating the event-by-event flow fluctuations in heavy-ion collisions via the event shape selection technique

The presence of large event-by-event flow fluctuations in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC provides an opportunity to study a broad class of flow observables. This paper explores the correlations among harmonic flow coefficients $v_n$ and their phases $Φ_n$, and the rapidity fluctuation of $v_n$. The study is carried out usin Pb+Pb events generated by the AMPT model with fixed impact parameter. The overall ellipticity/triangularity of events is varied by selecting on the eccentricities $ε_n$ or the magnitudes of the flow vector $q_n$ for n=2 and 3, respectively. The responses of the $v_n$, the event-plane correlations, and the rapidity fluctuations, to the change in $ε_n$ and $q_n$ are then systematized. Strong positive correlations are observed among all even harmonics $v_2, v_4$, and $v_6$ (all increase with $q_2$), between $v_2$ and $v_5$ (both increase with $q_2$) and between $v_3$ and $v_5$ (both increase with $q_3$), consistent with the effects of nonlinear collective response. In contrast, an anti-correlation is observed between $v_2$ and $v_3$ similar to that seen between $ε_2$ and $ε_3$. These correlation patterns are found to be independent of whether selecting on $q_n$ or $ε_n$, validating the ability of $q_n$ in selecting the initial geometry. A forward/backward asymmetry of $v_n(η)$ is observed for events selected on $q_n$ but not on $ε_n$, reflecting dynamical fluctuations exposed by the $q_n$ selection. Many event-plane correlators show good agreement between $q_n$ and $ε_n$ selections, suggesting that their variations with $q_n$ are controlled by the change of $ε_n$ in the initial geometry. Hence these correlators may serve as promising observables for disentangling the fluctuations generated in various stages of the evolution of the matter created in heavy ion collisions.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access
preprint2014arXiv

Forward-backward eccentricity and participant-plane angle fluctuations and their influences on longitudinal dynamics of collective flow

We argue that the transverse shape of the fireball created in heavy ion collision is controlled by event-by-event fluctuations of the eccentricity vectors for the forward-going and backward-going wounded nucleons: $\vecε_n^{\mathrm{F}}\equiv ε_n^{\mathrm{F}} e^{i nΦ_n^{\mathrm{*F}}}$ and $\vecε_n^{\mathrm{B}}\equiv ε_n^{\mathrm{B}} e^{i nΦ_n^{\mathrm{*B}}}$. Due to the asymmetric energy deposition of each wounded nucleon along its direction of motion, the eccentricity vector of the produced fireball is expected to interpolate between $\vecε_n^{\mathrm{F}}$ and $\vecε_n^{\mathrm{B}}$ along the pseudorapidity, and hence exhibits sizable forward-backward(FB) asymmetry ($ε_n^{\rm B}\neqε_n^{\rm F}$) and/or FB-twist ($Φ_n^{\mathrm{*F}}\neqΦ_n^{\mathrm{*B}}$). A transport model calculation shows that these initial state longitudinal fluctuations for $n=2$ and 3 survive the collective expansion, and result in similar FB asymmetry and/or a twist in the final state event-plane angles. These novel EbyE longitudinal flow fluctuations should be accessible at RHIC and the LHC using the event-shape selection technique proposed in earlier papers. If these effects are observed experimentally, it could improve our understanding of the initial state fluctuations, particle production and collective expansion dynamics of the heavy ion collision.

0 citations0 reviewsNo code linkedOpen access