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Liang-Jian Deng

Liang-Jian Deng contributes to research discovery and scholarly infrastructure.

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Published work

6 published item(s)

preprint2026arXiv

Adaptive 3D Convolution for Remote Sensing Image Fusion

Remote sensing image fusion aims to create a high-resolution multi/hyper-spectral image from a high-resolution image with limited spectral information and a low-resolution image with abundant spectral data. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have shown significant effectiveness in this area. Most DL-based methods approach image fusion as a 2D problem by encoding spectral information into feature map channels. However, our research suggests that this strategy introduces notable spectral distortions. In contrast, some methods consider spectral data as an additional dimension, utilizing standard 3D convolutions to preserve spectral information. Nevertheless, in a standard 3D convolutional layer, the same set of kernels is applied across all input regions, which we have found to be sub-optimal for image fusion. Furthermore, standard 3D convolutions necessitate substantial computational resources. To address these challenges, we propose a novel convolutional paradigm called Adaptive 3D Convolution (Ada3D) for remote sensing image fusion. Ada3D applies a unique set of 3D kernels to each input voxel, enabling the capture of fine-grained details. These adaptive kernels are generated through a two-step process: (i) spatial and spectral kernels are derived from their respective image sources; (ii) these two types of kernels are then combined to form content-aware 3D kernels that effectively integrate spatial and spectral information. Additionally, adaptive biases are introduced to enhance the convolutional outcome at the voxel level. Furthermore, we incorporate the group convolution technique to reduce computational complexity. As a result, Ada3D offers full adaptivity in an efficient manner. Evaluation results across five datasets demonstrate that our method achieves SOTA performance, underscoring the superiority of Ada3D. The code is available at https://github.com/PSRben/Ada3D.

preprint2022arXiv

SIT: A Bionic and Non-Linear Neuron for Spiking Neural Network

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have piqued researchers' interest because of their capacity to process temporal information and low power consumption. However, current state-of-the-art methods limited their biological plausibility and performance because their neurons are generally built on the simple Leaky-Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) model. Due to the high level of dynamic complexity, modern neuron models have seldom been implemented in SNN practice. In this study, we adopt the Phase Plane Analysis (PPA) technique, a technique often utilized in neurodynamics field, to integrate a recent neuron model, namely, the Izhikevich neuron. Based on the findings in the advancement of neuroscience, the Izhikevich neuron model can be biologically plausible while maintaining comparable computational cost with LIF neurons. By utilizing the adopted PPA, we have accomplished putting neurons built with the modified Izhikevich model into SNN practice, dubbed as the Standardized Izhikevich Tonic (SIT) neuron. For performance, we evaluate the suggested technique for image classification tasks in self-built LIF-and-SIT-consisted SNNs, named Hybrid Neural Network (HNN) on static MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, CIFAR-10 datasets and neuromorphic N-MNIST, CIFAR10-DVS, and DVS128 Gesture datasets. The experimental results indicate that the suggested method achieves comparable accuracy while exhibiting more biologically realistic behaviors on nearly all test datasets, demonstrating the efficiency of this novel strategy in bridging the gap between neurodynamics and SNN practice.

preprint2020arXiv

Hyperspectral Image Super-resolution via Deep Spatio-spectral Convolutional Neural Networks

Hyperspectral images are of crucial importance in order to better understand features of different materials. To reach this goal, they leverage on a high number of spectral bands. However, this interesting characteristic is often paid by a reduced spatial resolution compared with traditional multispectral image systems. In order to alleviate this issue, in this work, we propose a simple and efficient architecture for deep convolutional neural networks to fuse a low-resolution hyperspectral image (LR-HSI) and a high-resolution multispectral image (HR-MSI), yielding a high-resolution hyperspectral image (HR-HSI). The network is designed to preserve both spatial and spectral information thanks to an architecture from two folds: one is to utilize the HR-HSI at a different scale to get an output with a satisfied spectral preservation; another one is to apply concepts of multi-resolution analysis to extract high-frequency information, aiming to output high quality spatial details. Finally, a plain mean squared error loss function is used to measure the performance during the training. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed network architecture achieves best performance (both qualitatively and quantitatively) compared with recent state-of-the-art hyperspectral image super-resolution approaches. Moreover, other significant advantages can be pointed out by the use of the proposed approach, such as, a better network generalization ability, a limited computational burden, and a robustness with respect to the number of training samples.

preprint2020arXiv

Multi-dimensional imaging data recovery via minimizing the partial sum of tubal nuclear norm

In this paper, we investigate tensor recovery problems within the tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD) framework. We propose the partial sum of the tubal nuclear norm (PSTNN) of a tensor. The PSTNN is a surrogate of the tensor tubal multi-rank. We build two PSTNN-based minimization models for two typical tensor recovery problems, i.e., the tensor completion and the tensor principal component analysis. We give two algorithms based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to solve proposed PSTNN-based tensor recovery models. Experimental results on the synthetic data and real-world data reveal the superior of the proposed PSTNN.

preprint2018arXiv

A New Operator Splitting Method for Euler's Elastica Model

Euler's elastica model has a wide range of applications in Image Processing and Computer Vision. However, the non-convexity, the non-smoothness and the nonlinearity of the associated energy functional make its minimization a challenging task, further complicated by the presence of high order derivatives in the model. In this article we propose a new operator-splitting algorithm to minimize the Euler elastica functional. This algorithm is obtained by applying an operator-splitting based time discretization scheme to an initial value problem (dynamical flow) associated with the optimality system (a system of multivalued equations). The sub-problems associated with the three fractional steps of the splitting scheme have either closed form solutions or can be handled by fast dedicated solvers. Compared with earlier approaches relying on ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers), the new method has, essentially, only the time discretization step as free parameter to choose, resulting in a very robust and stable algorithm. The simplicity of the sub-problems and its modularity make this algorithm quite efficient. Applications to the numerical solution of smoothing test problems demonstrate the efficiency and robustness of the proposed methodology.

preprint2018arXiv

Rain Streak Removal for Single Image via Kernel Guided CNN

Rain streak removal is an important issue and has recently been investigated extensively. Existing methods, especially the newly emerged deep learning methods, could remove the rain streaks well in many cases. However the essential factor in the generative procedure of the rain streaks, i.e., the motion blur, which leads to the line pattern appearances, were neglected by the deep learning rain streaks approaches and this resulted in over-derain or under-derain results. In this paper, we propose a novel rain streak removal approach using a kernel guided convolutional neural network (KGCNN), achieving the state-of-the-art performance with simple network architectures. We first model the rain streak interference with its motion blur mechanism. Then, our framework starts with learning the motion blur kernel, which is determined by two factors including angle and length, by a plain neural network, denoted as parameter net, from a patch of the texture component. Then, after a dimensionality stretching operation, the learned motion blur kernel is stretched into a degradation map with the same spatial size as the rainy patch. The stretched degradation map together with the texture patch is subsequently input into a derain convolutional network, which is a typical ResNet architecture and trained to output the rain streaks with the guidance of the learned motion blur kernel. Experiments conducted on extensive synthetic and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which preserves the texture and the contrast while removing the rain streaks.